Preeminent authority on Widor’s life and work, Prof. John R. Near gives an overview of this groundbreaking edition below.
Today, Charles-Marie Widor is well established as one of the greatest organist-composers of the Romantic era. Musicological research in recent decades, however, has revealed that his career was not at all confined to the famous organ gallery of his Paris church, but that most of his artistic work had simply fallen out of currency as all except organists increasingly forgot him. Indeed, his place in the mainstream of French music is now finally being recognized again. Performances and recordings of his considerable œuvre reveal a musician of remarkable gifts and inspiration. In addition to his ten seminal organ symphonies, his orchestral symphonies, concertos, piano music, chamber music, art songs, choral works, operas, and a ballet—once considered “one of the glories of French art”—made his name renowned among musicians and audiences alike. After the organ works, Widor’s considerable body of solo piano music holds the largest place in his catalogue. While the organ music has never been eclipsed, the piano music has, alas, been the most inaccessible—thus completely neglected. It is of the happiest consequence that it has now been given the attention it so richly deserves in the new critical edition by editors Daniel Mitterdorfer and Harold Fabrikant.
To create this first edition of Widor’s Complete Works for Piano, the editors have had to surmount difficulties of near epic proportions. His compositions for piano are interspersed throughout his œuvre with relative consistency; the earliest published work appeared in 1867 and the final original composition in 1910, when he neared the end of his active career as a composer. With a paucity of scores still in print, the editors had to scour libraries throughout the world to find what they hope are all the versions of each work. This is a tenuous expectation, considering Widor’s lifelong penchant to fastidiously revise and republish his music time and time again. There are sometimes four or five versions of the same work—versions that can only be determined as being different after note-by-note comparison of various prints; and then comes the thorny task of placing them in chronological order. Also, later collections of non-sequential opus numbers were assembled, usually after revision, in a seemingly haphazard manner, and issued under one cover. These were certainly intended to bring various works to the attention of “the pianists [who] hardly spoil me with too much attention,” as Widor lamented to French pianist Isidor Philipp.
From Saint-Saëns to Stravinsky, Fauré to Ravel, Debussy to Poulenc—darlings of melomaniac society hostesses—all frequented their Paris salons and partook of the celebrity afforded by this subcultural part of the city’s musical life, thus benefiting from publicity that furthered their careers. The who’s who of French music were invited to perform, and each frequently offered up his latest composition. Widor, too, was among the regulars of the salon, and judging by the bevy of nobly-titled dedicatees on his scores—a Chevalier, Marquise, Baron, Baroness, Count, Countess, Princess, and even a Queen—many of his works were clearly composed for salon consumption, such as Six morceaux de salon or any one of several suites of character pieces variously containing a nocturne, waltz, mazurka, sicilienne, rêverie, sérénade, or the like.
Alongside these, Widor also composed integral works of serious concert intent; the editors point to the five-movement Suite polonaise, the four-movement Suite in B minor, and the twelve-movement Carnaval, to which might be added the Prélude, andante, et final, and the six-movement Suite écossaise. That Widor’s contemporaries—pianists of the ilk of Francis Planté, Louis Diémer, and Isidor Philipp—often performed his music, speaks tellingly of its appeal, and suggests that today’s pianists will assuredly find treasures among Widor’s piano works that they will want to add to their repertoires. Planté described Widor as “an exquisite pianist of the most limpid purity,” and his writing for piano is elegantly idiomatic.
The first six volumes of the new edition contain, in ascending order, thirty-one opus numbers, and volume seven contains seventeen miscellaneous pieces to which Widor assigned no opus number. Special mention needs to be made of volume four, the piano reduction of his great ballet, La Korrigane: Introduction and thirty pieces; the storyline and stage directions are interspersed throughout the score in the original French and with English translation. Also included in the volume are two waltzes that Widor excerpted from the ballet and revised for inclusion in a later collection of his numerous waltzes.
The Editorial Commentary in each volume is replete with information regarding the sources, known history, editor’s insights, and corrections and changes for each composition. The engraving is immaculate and beautifully laid out, with each softcover volume finished in durable limpsewn binding. This monumental edition superbly brings Widor’s heretofore largely inaccessible and forgotten piano repertoire to light, demonstrating by the quantity and quality of his output that as a piano composer in the Romantic era, Widor must not be overlooked. Now that this important body of piano literature is readily available for the first time, no serious pianist should be without it and every music library should have it in its catalogue.
John R. Near
Professor Emeritus of Music, Principia College
Author of Widor: A Life beyond the Toccata
Widor on Organ Performance Practice and Technique